Every disobedience entails a punishment in this world
The answer is: major sins
Islam affirms that every sin committed by a person has negative consequences in this world, with the consequences and punishments that ensue from it.
For example, theft may cause the perpetrator to be imprisoned, and adultery may result in Sharia punishment, which is usually on a worldly level.
Even if the punishment did not appear in this world, it will certainly be in the Hereafter, and this is what makes a person fear God and observe His prohibitions, for disobedience to God must be foolishness on the part of everyone.
Therefore, everyone should avoid reprehensible actions and strive to believe and draw closer to God constantly, thus being supported by God's mercy and bounties in this life and in the hereafter.
